H₂OLowered Text

Subscript Generator

Convert your text into tiny lowered subscript letters. Perfect for chemical formulas like H₂O and CO₂, mathematical notation, and creative text styling.

Tip: Numbers 0-9 and letters a, e, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, x have subscript versions.

Your subscript text will appear here...

Quick Copy: Chemical Formulas

Click any formula to copy it instantly

H₂O
Water
Hydrogen + Oxygen
CO₂
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon + Oxygen
O₂
Oxygen Gas
Diatomic Oxygen
H₂SO₄
Sulfuric Acid
Strong acid
NaCl
Salt
Sodium Chloride
CH₄
Methane
Natural gas
C₆H₁₂O₆
Glucose
Sugar molecule
NH₃
Ammonia
Nitrogen + Hydrogen
HCl
Hydrochloric Acid
Strong acid
CaCO₃
Calcium Carbonate
Limestone/Chalk
Fe₂O₃
Iron Oxide
Rust
C₂H₅OH
Ethanol
Alcohol

Quick Copy: Math Notation

Common mathematical subscript patterns

xₙ
Variable with index n
aᵢ
Array element i
x₀
Initial value
x₁, x₂, x₃
Sequence elements
logₐ
Logarithm base a
Σᵢ₌₁
Sum from i=1

Subscript Character Reference

Supported Letters

ₐ ₑ ₕ ᵢ ⱼ ₖ ₗ ₘ ₙ ₒ ₚ ᵣ ₛ ₜ ᵤ ᵥ ₓ

a, e, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, x

Numbers (0-9)

₀ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₄ ₅ ₆ ₇ ₈ ₉

All numbers fully supported

! Not Available

b c d f g q w y z

These letters have no Unicode subscript

When to Use Subscript

⚗️

Chemical Formulas

Write chemical compounds with proper subscript notation for element counts.

H₂O, CO₂, C₆H₁₂O₆
🔢

Mathematical Indices

Denote array elements, sequence terms, and variable indices.

x₀, x₁, x₂, ... xₙ
📊

Scientific Notation

Write isotopes, ions, and scientific measurements.

¹⁴C₆, log₁₀, pH₇
💻

Programming

Show array subscripts and index notation in documentation.

arr[i] → arrᵢ
📝

Academic Writing

Format equations and formulas in papers and presentations.

aₙ = aₙ₋₁ + aₙ₋₂
📱

Social Media

Add unique styling to your posts with lowered text.

ₛₒₘₑₜₕᵢₙg ᵤₙᵢqᵤₑ

Subscript vs Superscript

ₛᵤᵦ Subscript (This Tool)

  • • Lowered below the baseline
  • • Chemical formulas: H₂O, CO₂
  • • Array indices: x₁, x₂, xₙ
  • • Logarithm bases: log₁₀
  • • Variable subscripts: aᵢ, bⱼ

ˢᵘᵖ Superscript

  • • Raised above the baseline
  • • Exponents: x², x³
  • • Ordinals: 1ˢᵗ, 2ⁿᵈ, 3ʳᵈ
  • • Footnotes: text¹
  • • Powers: 10⁶

Need superscript? Try our Superscript Generator

How Subscript Text Works

Subscript text uses special Unicode characters that appear smaller and positioned below the normal text baseline. Unlike HTML's <sub> tag which styles regular characters, these are actual separate characters that work anywhere.

Unicode Subscript Ranges

Subscript Numbers:

U+2080 to U+2089 (₀₁₂₃₄₅₆₇₈₉)

Subscript Letters:

Various ranges in Latin Extended

Why Some Letters Are Missing

Unicode was designed primarily for linguistic and scientific purposes. Subscript letters were added mainly for phonetic notation (IPA) and scientific formulas. Letters like b, c, d, f, g were never added because they weren't needed for these specific use cases.

Related Tools

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are some letters missing in subscript?

Unicode only includes subscript versions for specific letters (a, e, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, x) because these were the ones needed for phonetic notation and scientific formulas. Letters like b, c, d, f, g have no subscript equivalents in Unicode.

How do I type chemical formulas like H₂O?

Type the element symbols normally (H, O) and use this tool to convert the numbers to subscript. Then combine them: H + ₂ + O = H₂O. You can also use our Quick Copy section for common formulas.

Will subscript text work in Word and Google Docs?

Yes! These are Unicode characters that work in any application that supports text, including Microsoft Word, Google Docs, Excel, and more. They'll display correctly without any special formatting.

Can I use subscript in social media posts?

Yes, subscript characters work on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and most other platforms. They're standard Unicode text that displays correctly for all users.

What's the difference between this and HTML subscript?

HTML subscript (<sub>) styles regular characters to appear lowered, but only works in web browsers. Our tool uses actual Unicode subscript characters that work everywhere text is supported - documents, social media, emails, etc.

Can screen readers read subscript text?

Screen reader support varies. Numbers are often read correctly, but subscript letters may be announced differently. For accessibility in critical contexts, consider providing alternative text or explanations.